Horse-drawn carriages, called “calèches,” are an integral part of Québec City’s history. From colonial times to the era of the automobile, the carriage was the preferred means of getting around town. Initially two-wheeled, it gradually evolved into a four-wheeled model in the 20th century. Uncovered in nice weather, calèches were fitted with a soft leather roof that could be folded out to protect passengers from the elements. In winter, runners turned the carriage into a sled that could be used on snow and ice. Horses were useful for clearing snow, fighting fires and policing neighbourhoods. Gradually replaced over the century by the automobile, horse-drawn carriages have nonetheless retained their appeal for tourists.
W. B. Edwards Inc.
This image shows the Montcalm Market, one of Québec City’s major commercial and gathering places. We see horse-drawn carts, a few automobiles, advertisements and, in the background, the Hôtel Montcalm. This scene clearly shows the widespread use of four-wheeled carriages in the first third of the 20th century.
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